Citrus trees are cherished not only for their delicious fruits but also for their vibrant leaves and fragrant blossoms.
However, while growing these beautiful trees can be fulfilling, they are susceptible to various pests that can undermine their health.
This article presents the insights of expert gardener Matt Dursum, who identifies nine specific pests that citrus tree owners should be on the lookout for as the growing season unfolds.
In many warm regions globally, citrus trees are among the top choices for fruit cultivation.
Their lush greenery in winter and mouthwatering produce bring excitement each year.
With global citrus production exceeding 146 million tons annually, these fruits hold a significant place in agricultural markets.
The many varieties we enjoy today trace back to just three main ancestors: pomelos, mandarins, and citrons.
Major Citrus Tree Pests
As citrus trees flourish, so too do the pests and diseases that target them.
Here’s a compact guide to nine major citrus tree pests to keep in mind this season, paired with effective management strategies.
- Asian Citrus Psyllid
This tiny sap-sucking insect is notorious for its association with a devastating disease called citrus greening (HLB).Often hiding on the undersides of leaves, the Asian citrus psyllid carries the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, leading to yellowing leaves and potentially fatal outcomes for affected trees.
- Asiatic Citrus Canker
A fast-spreading bacterial infection, asiatic citrus canker shows itself through raised lesions on leaves, branches, and twigs—often with a tan or yellow appearance. - Black Scale Coccidae
Black scale insects sap the vitality of citrus trees while fostering sooty mold.They’re typically found on leaves and branches, feeding on the tree’s sap.
- Brown Citrus Aphid
This small aphid can multiply quickly and cause stunted growth in citrus trees.They are also known to transmit the citrus tristeza virus.
- California Red Scale
Feeding on leaves and fruits, California red scale can severely harm citrus trees, leading to defoliation and fruit decay. - Citricola Scale
These pests suck sap and can significantly reduce fruit yields. - Citrus Leafminer
Citrus leafminers create distinctive meandering tunnels in leaves.This damage can hinder the tree’s growth and increase vulnerability to diseases.
- Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter
As a leafhopper, this pest feeds on citrus trees and poses a risk of transmitting serious diseases. - Sweet Orange Scab
This fungal infection, caused by Elsinöe australis, leads to rough, scaly patches on fruits and can hinder growth.
Pest Management Strategies
- How to Spot Them: Adults reach about 3-4 mm in size and boast a brown hue with a dusty, waxy coating.
Their droppings create a noticeable white residue on the leaves.
- Management Tips: Always disinfect your gardening tools, and purchase trees from reputable nurseries.
Reporting suspected infections to local agricultural authorities is highly recommended.
- Control Methods: Regular pruning helps manage their numbers.
Introducing natural predators can also mitigate their population, while organic insecticides are useful for larger infestations.
- Identification Tips: Look for tiny reddish-brown or gray scales on the leaves and stems.
- Best Practices for Management: Regular pruning combined with good gardening practices is crucial.
For minor infestations, cotton swabs soaked in alcohol can effectively target the pests.
- Action Plan: Regularly inspect your trees for signs of sweet orange scab.
Notify local agricultural officials if you observe any symptoms to get further advice.
By keeping a vigilant eye on your citrus trees and implementing these practical management tips, you can protect them from common pests this growing season.
Happy gardening!
Source: Epicgardening